Safety barrier performance assessment by integrating computational fluid dynamics and evacuation modeling for toxic gas leakage scenarios

Toxic gas leakage represents a type of major process accident scenario threatening human life. Technical and non-technical safety barriers are employed to prevent toxic accidents or mitigate the possible catastrophic consequences. Evacuation must be executed in severe release scenarios. The performance assessment technical evacuations these scenarios, although very important, has never been investigated previous studies. This paper proposes an approach integrating event tree analysis (ETA), computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, evacuation modeling (EM), for risk chemical plants. In proposed approach, spatiotemporal distribution is predicted by CFD simulations. A dynamic determined cellular automaton (CA)-based model. Synergistic interventions resulting from considered assessment. Considering barrier failures analysis, individual fatality risks due scenarios calculated. For illustrative purposes, method applied case ammonia leakage. results show that worse would ignored without considering failure probabilities barriers, which can cause underestimated risks. Timely detection & alarm potential expedite starting time thus may shorten evacuees stay toxicity area reduce